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    Spine
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    Spine

    This section contains all Spine region disease and injuries, in addition to treatment methods used in spine surgery.

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    Occipital Condyle Fractures

    Occipital Condyle Fractures

    Occipital condyle fractures should be considered a marker for potentially lethal trauma, with an 11% mortality rate from...

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    Whiplash Injury Diagnosis, Symptoms & Treatment

    Whiplash Injury Diagnosis, Symptoms & Treatment

    Whiplash injury is an acceleration–deceleration mechanism of energy transfer to the neck. It may result from rear-end or...

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    Hangman’s Fracture

    Hangman’s Fracture

    Hangman’s fracture or traumatic spondylolisthesis of C2 is characterized by bilateral fractures of the pars interarticularis with varying...

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    Dermatome Distribution

    Dermatome Distribution

    A dermatome distribution is defined as the area of skin supplied by a single nerve root. The area...

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    Thoracolumbar Spine Burst Fractures

    Thoracolumbar Spine Burst Fractures

    Injuries to the thoracolumbar spine are usually the result of high-energy blunt trauma. The mechanism of thoracolumbar spine...

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    Odontoid Fracture

    Odontoid Fracture

    Odontoid fractures constitute 8–18% of all cervical fractures, with neurological deficits occurring in 10–20% of cases. High-velocity trauma...

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    Atlas Fracture Overview

    Atlas Fracture Overview

    Atlas Fractures constitute approximately 7% of cervical spine fractures and are rarely associated with neurological injury. This is...

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    Occipitocervical Dissociation

    Occipitocervical Dissociation

    Occipitocervical Dissociation are high-energy injuries resulting from a combination of hyperextension, distraction and rotation at the craniocervical junction....

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    Spondylolisthesis: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

    Spondylolisthesis: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment

    Spondylolisthesis is a pathological condition that can develop as a progression of spondylolysis. It is characterized by defects...

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    Spinal Spondylolysis

    Spinal Spondylolysis

    Spinal Spondylolysis is a defect in the pars interarticularis, the area of the vertebral arch between the inferior...

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    Facet Joint Dysfunction

    Facet Joint Dysfunction

    Facet joint Dysfunction may involve subluxation of the facet or degeneration of the facet itself leading to hypermobility...

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    Spine Manipulation Technique

    Spine Manipulation Technique

    Spine manipulation technique was used by Flynn and colleagues in a heterogeneous population of patients with low back...

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