S1 Nerve Root Examination
S1 Nerve Root, a part of sacral plexus, exits between S1 and S2 vertebra. It is responsible for…
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Orthofixar Database
Spine Examination
This section contains all the Special Tests for Spine examination. Learn how to examine and diagnosis the Spine region.
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Postural Assessment
Postural Assessment is important to identify the defects in body, which lead to various musculoskeletal problems.
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Gaenslen’s Test
Gaenslen’s test can indicate the presence or absence of a sacroiliac joint lesions, pubic symphysis instability, hip joint pathology…
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Bragard & Modified Bragard Test
Bragard Test is used to evaluate nerve root compression, differentiating a genuine Lasegue sign from a pseudo-Lasegue sign.
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Arm Squeeze Test
Arm Squeeze Test is used to distinguish Cervical Nerve Root Compression from Shoulder Pain.
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Springing Test
Springing Test is used for localization of functional impairments in the lumbar spine, it's also used to examine…
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Three Phase Hyperextension Test
Three Phase Hyperextension Test (or Mennell sign) is used to differentiate whether the pathology is in the lumbar…
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Prone Knee Flexion Test
Prone Knee Flexion Test for Lumbar Spine is used to differentiates between lumbar spine pain and sacroiliac joint…
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Body Postures
Abnormal or bad body posture is defined as positioning that deviates from the midrange position of function.
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Lumbar Spine Nerve Roots
Lumbar Spine Nerve Roots consist of 5 roots pairs (L1, L2, L3, L4 and L5), each root traverses…
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Physical Fitness Tests
Many physical fitness tests have been designed to evaluate the physical fitness of schoolchildren, armed services personnel, athletic…
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Cobb Angle for Scoliosis
The American Scoliosis Research Society recommends the Cobb angle as the standard measuring technique for quantifying spinal curvature…
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