Extensor Hallucis Brevis Muscle Anatomy

Extensor hallucis brevis is part of the intrinsic muscles of the foot situated on the dorsal side. It is actually part of the Extensor Digitorum Brevis. These thin, broad muscles form a fleshy mass on the lateral part of the dorsum of the foot, anterior to the lateral malleolus. Its small fleshy belly may be felt when the toes are extended.

Extensor Hallucis Brevis Muscle Anatomy

Origin: This muscle originates from the superolateral surface of the calcaneus, the large bone forming the heel of the foot.

Insertion: It inserts into the base of the proximal phalanx of the big toe (hallux).

Innervation: The muscle is innervated by the deep fibular (peroneal) nerve, which is crucial for its proper functioning.

Blood Supply: It receives blood through branches of the dorsalis pedis artery, ensuring it gets the necessary nutrients and oxygen.

See Also: Foot Anatomy

The primary function of the extensor hallucis brevis is to extend the big toe at the metatarsophalangeal joint. This extension is essential for various activities, including:

• Walking and Running: Assists in lifting the toe off the ground during the swing phase of gait.
• Balance and Stability: Contributes to the stability of the foot during standing and dynamic movements.
• Toe Movements: Facilitates the upward movement of the big toe, which is crucial for proper foot mechanics.

References & More

1. Clinically Oriented Anatomy – 8th Edition
2. Patel J, Dupont G, Katsuta J, Iwanaga J, Olewnik Ł, Tubbs RS. Concomitant variations of the tibialis anterior, and extensor hallucis longus, and extensor hallucis brevis muscles. Anat Cell Biol. 2023 Mar 31;56(1):137-140. doi: 10.5115/acb.22.009. Epub 2022 Oct 6. PMID: 36198656; PMCID: PMC9989779. Pubmed