Gagey Test

The Gagey test is designed to evaluate the integrity of the inferior glenohumeral ligament (IGHL) and assess potential inferior labral tears. This clinical examination technique, widely utilized by orthopedic specialists and physical therapists, provides valuable insights into shoulder joint stability and pathology.

How to perform the Gagey test?

Understanding the proper execution of the Gagey test is fundamental for accurate diagnosis and treatment planning. The procedure begins with the patient positioned either sitting or standing, while the examining clinician stands posterior to the patient. The examiner’s technique involves a careful dual-hand approach: one hand securely grasps the patient’s elbow, which is maintained at a 90-degree flexion, while the other hand provides essential stabilization to both the scapula and clavicle.

Clinical interpretation of the Gagey test centers on the assessment of glenohumeral joint elevation parameters. During the passive abduction maneuver, practitioners should carefully observe the point at which scapular and clavicular elevation begins.

See Also: Glenohumeral Joint Anatomy

What does a positive Gagey Test mean?

The anatomical and clinical findings showed that passive abduction occurs within the glenohumeral joint only, is controlled by the inferior glenohumeral ligament.

A positive test result is indicated when glenohumeral joint elevation exceeds 105 degrees, suggesting potential laxity in the inferior glenohumeral ligament complex or the presence of an inferior labral tear.

It’s essential for medical professionals to consider the nuances of normal shoulder biomechanics when interpreting test results. Research has demonstrated that normal passive scapulohumeral rhythm can exhibit up to 120 degrees of abduction at the glenohumeral joint. This understanding helps prevent false-positive interpretations and ensures accurate clinical decision-making.

The diagnostic significance of the Gagey test extends beyond simple range-of-motion assessment. When positive, this test provides valuable information about potential underlying pathologies that may require further investigation through advanced imaging techniques such as MRI or arthroscopic evaluation. This information proves invaluable for developing comprehensive treatment strategies and determining appropriate surgical interventions when necessary.

Medical practitioners should integrate the Gagey test results with other clinical findings and patient history for optimal diagnostic accuracy. This comprehensive approach ensures more precise treatment planning and better patient outcomes in managing shoulder instability and related pathologies.

References & More

1. Orthopedic Physical Assessment by David J. Magee, 7th Edition.
2. Gagey OJ, Gagey N. The hyperabduction test. J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2001 Jan;83(1):69-74. doi: 10.1302/0301-620x.83b1.10628. PMID: 11245541. Pubmed
3. Cadet ER. Evaluation of glenohumeral instability. Orthop Clin North Am. 2010 Jul;41(3):287-95. doi: 10.1016/j.ocl.2010.02.005. PMID: 20497806. Pubmed